Korean Sentence Structure

Korean Sentence Structure

·         문장 구조 (Sentence structure)

             Subject  + Verb

Ex 1. 경희가         자요. (Kyunghee sleeps.)  

          Subject   +    verb

Ex 2. 에릭이         자요. (Erik sleeps.)  

          Subject   +    verb

Subject  + Object +  Verb

Ex1. 에릭이          사과를         먹어요. (Erik eats an apple.)

         Subject    +    object    +    verb

Ex2. 에릭이          밥을          먹어요. (Erik eats rice.)

         Subject    +    object    +   verb

Subject  + Adverb+ Object +  Verb

Ex. 브라이언이          집에서          책을          읽어요.  (Bryan reads a book at home.)

       Subject           +     adverb    +    object   +   verb

Basic Korean sentences have either “ a subject + verb” or “a subject + object + verb”. Some particles are attached to words. The particle 이 or 가 is used after subjects. When the word is finished with a final consonant, 이 is used after the subject. On the other hand, when the word is finished with a vowel, 가 is used to indicate it. Also, particle 을 or 를 is used after objects. When the word is finished with a final consonant, 을 is used after the object. While verbs always come at the end of the sentences, the order of other subjects, objects, and adverbs can be changed. However, the role of each part can be recognized because of the particle that is attached to it.

Ex. 밥을          에릭이          먹어요. ( rice  +  Erik  +  eats)

      Object  +   subject    +    verb

Connecting Sentences

Two ways of connecting sentences in Korean sentences:

By using conjunctive adverbs  ex. 그리고 (and) 그렇지만/그런데 (but), 그래서 (so/therefore)

 By using conjunctive endings

And

By Conjunctive adverbs	경희가 자요. 그리고 에릭이 책을 읽어요
	Kyunghee sleeps. And Erik reads a book.
By Conjunctive endings	경희가 자고 에릭이 책을 읽어요.
	Kyunghee sleeps and Erik reads a book.

But

By Conjunctive adverbs	김치가 매워요. 그렇지만 맛있어요.
	Kimchi is spicy. But it tastes good.
By Conjunctive endings	김치가 맵지만 맛있어요.
	Kimchi is spicy but tastes good.

So/ Therefore

By Conjunctive adverbs	경희가  배고파요. 그래서 밥을 먹어요.
	Kyunghee is hungry. So she has a meal.
By Conjunctive endings	경희가 배고파서 밥을 먹어요.
	Kyunghee is hungry, so she has a meal.

1.       Practice : Make a full sentence using  the correct particle for words given.

   

   학생(student) , 포도(grape), 먹다 (eat)

a.       학생이 포도를 먹어요.

    민수, 우유(milk), 마시다(drink).

a.       민수가 우유를 마셔요.

       제미, 책(book), 읽다(read).

a.       제미가 책을 읽어요.

Vocabulary

자다 sleep  

먹다eat  

읽다 read 

맛있다 taste good  

맵다 be spicy 

배고프다 be hungry

사과 apple  

밥 (cooked) rice, meal  

집 home  

책 book 

김치 kimchi